1990年全国硕士研究生考试英语试卷及答案

　I . In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET, ( 15 points)

　　EXAMPLE:

　　I was caught_the rain yesterday.

　　A. in B. by C.with D. at

　　ANSWER: (A)

　　l . Those two families have been quarrelling __ each other for many years.

　　A. to B. between C. against D. with

　　2. There are many things whose misuse is dangerous, bur it is hard to think of anything that can be compared ___

　　A. in B. with C. among D. by

　　3. "How often have you seen cases like this?" one surgeon asked another. "Oh,__ times, I guess,"was the reply.

　　A. hundred of B . hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred

　　4. Give me your telephone number __ I need your help.

　　A. whether B.unless C. so that D. in case

　　5. You sang well last night. We hope you'll sing __.

　　A. more better B. still better C. nicely D. best

　　6. Those people __a general understanding of the present situation.

　　A. lack of B. are lacking of C. lack D. are in lack

　　7. Alone in a desert house,he was so busy with his research work that he felt __lonely.

　　A. nothing but B. anything but C. all but D. everything but

　　8. Grace __tears when she heard the sad news.

　　A. broke in B.broke into C. broke off D.broke through

　　9. She refused to __the car keys to her husband until he had promised to wear his safety belt .

　　A. hand in B. hand out C.hand down D. down

　　10. Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes __to American audiences.

　　A. around B. over C.across D. down

　　11. The book contained a large__ of information.

　　A. deal B. amount C. number D. sum

　　12 . Nowadays advertising costs are no longer in reasonable_ to the total cost of the prod- uct .

　　A. proportion B. correlation C. connection D. correspondence

　　13. When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to _ her umbrella.

　　A. carry B. fetch C. bring D. reach

　　14. We must _ that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.

　　A. assure . B. secure C. ensure D. issue

　　15. He was knocked down by a car and badly _

　　A. injured B. damaged C. harmed D. ruined

　　Ⅱ. Each of the three passages below is followed by some questions.For each question there are four answer. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the ques- tions. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)

　　1

　　In May l989, space shuttle "Atlantis" released in outer space the space probe "Megallan", which is now on her 15-month and one-billion-kilometer flight to Venus. A new phase in space exploration has begun .

　　The planet Venus is only slightly smaller than Earth; it is the only other object in the solar system, in fact, that even comes close to earth' s size. Venus has a similar density, so it is proba- bly made of approximately the sanle stuff, and it has an atmosphere, complete with clouds. It is also the closest planet to earth, and thus the most similar in distance from the sun. In short, Venus seems to justify its long-held nickname of "earth' s twin. "

　　The surface temperature of Venus reaches some 900F. Added to that is an atmospheric pres- sure about 90 times Earth' s: High overhead in the carbon dioxide that passes for air is a layer of clouds, perhaps IO to 20 miles thick, whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) . Water is all but nonexistent.

　　Born with so many fundamental similarities to earth, how did Venus get to be so radically different : It is not just an academic matter. For all its extremes, Venus is a valuable laboratory for researchers studying the weather and climate of earth. It has no earth' s oceans, so the heat trans- port and other mechanisms are greatly simplified. In addition, the planet Venus takes 243 earth- days to turn once on its axis, so incoming heat from the sun is added and distributed at a more leisurely, observable pace.

　　16. Venus is similar to Earth in __

　　A. size and density B. distance from the sun

　　C. having atmosphere D. all of the above

　　17. The greatest value in studying Venus should be to__

　　A. allow us to visit there B. understand Earth better

　　C. find a new source of energy D. promote a new space program

　　18. The main idea of this passage is about _

　　A. problems of space travel B. scientific methods in space exploration

　　C. the importance of Venus to Earth D. conditions on Venus

　　2

　　Tourists were surprised to see a woman driving a huge orange tractor down one of Rome' s main avenues. Italy' s political leaders and some of its male union chiefs are said to have been even more puzzled to see that the tractor was followed by about 200,OOO women in a parading proces- sion that took more than three hours to snake through central Rome.

　　Shouting slogans, waving flags and dancing to drumbeats, the women had come to the capi- tal from all over Italy to demonstrate for "a job for each of us, a different type of job, and a soci- ety without violence" . So far, action to improve women' s opportunities in employment has been the province of collective industrtal bargaining. "But there is a growing awareness that this is not enough, " says a researcher on female labor at the govemment-funded Institute for the Develop- ment of Professional Training for Workers.

　　Women, who constitute 52 per cent of Italy' s population, today represent only 35 per cent of Italy' s total workforce and 33 per cent of the total number of Italians with jobs. However, their presence in the workplace is growing. The employment of women is expanding considerably in services, next to the public administration and commerce as their principal workplace. Official statistics also show that women have also made significant strides in self-employment. More and more women are going into business for themselves. Many young women are turning to business because of the growing overall in employment. It is also a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared, so that banks and other financial institutes make judgements on purely business con- siderations without caring if it is a man or a woman.

　　Such changes are occurring in the professions too. The number of women doctors, dentists, lawyers, engineers and university professors increased two to three fold. Some of the changes are immediately visible. For example, women have appeared on the scene for the first time as state police, railway workers and street cleaner.

　　However, the present situation is far from satisfactoty though some progress has been made. A breakthrough in equal opportunities for women is now demanded.

　　19 . The expression "snake through central Rome" probably means "to move_

　　A. quietly through central Rome"

　　B. violently through central Rome"

　　C. in a long winding line through central Rome"

　　D. at a leisurely pace through central Rome"

　　20 . Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A. There are more women than men in Italy.

　　B. In Italy, women are chiefly employed in services.

　　C. In Italy, women are still at a disadvantage in employment.

　　D. In Italy, about two-thirds of the jobs are held by men.

　　21.About 200,OOO women in Rome demonstrated for_

　　A. more job opportunities B. a greater variety of jobs

　　C. "equal job, equal pay" D. both A and B

　　22.The best title for this passage would be_

　　A. The Role of Women is Society

　　B. Women Demonstrate for Equality in Employment

　　C. Women as Self-enlployed Professionals

　　D. Women and the Jobs Market